Online Journal of Research in Islamic Studies

Identifikasi Kajian Pendidikan Multi-Agama dan Antara-Agama di ASEAN (2014-2024): Satu Tinjauan Literatur Bersistematik

Sulmi Badar — 2025-06-30

Religious education in ASEAN has traditionally been oriented towards a mono-religious system that emphasises one dominant religion in the national education system. However, in the context of increasingly complex societies, this approach raises critical questions about its efficacy in shaping inclusive and harmonious societies. This article employs a systematic literature review (SLR) approach to analyse the development of multi-religious and inter-religious education in ASEAN from 2016 to 2024. The analysis revealed a paucity of studies in this field, with the majority concentrating on two countries, namely Indonesia and Malaysia. Other ASEAN countries have produced only a limited amount of significant research in this area. The study's findings indicate that multi-religious education has the potential to facilitate a more comprehensive comprehension of other religious doctrines without compromising the distinctiveness of each religion's identity. Conversely, inter-religious education underscores engagement and discourse as pivotal tools to mitigate prejudice and alleviate social discord. Nevertheless, the implementation of both approaches is still encumbered by challenges such as misalignment in national education bases, political and religious sensitivities, and a shortage of faculty trained in cross-religious education. Moreover, the rise in academic publications following 2020 signifies the resurgence of discourse on the significance of inclusive education within academic circles. However, this discourse has not been systematically integrated into national education curricula in the majority of ASEAN countries. The article posits that the absence of comprehensive and dialogic educational reforms in ASEAN nations threatens to perpetuate the escalation of religious polarisation. Consequently, multi-religious education and inter-religious education must be established as integral components of a comprehensive, long-term strategy to ensure social stability and regional harmony. Further studies are needed to empirically assess the efficacy of this education model and to frame more effective pedagogical strategies to ensure that multi-religious and inter-religious education can be implemented without creating social tensions or compromising the religious identity of a community.

Pendekatan Mujāhadah terhadap Pengurusan Keluarga Miskin Luar Bandar: Satu Sorotan Awal

Nur Izyanti Afiqah Binti En Abdul Rahim — 2025-06-30

Poverty is a global challenge that affects various aspects of life including family management. Rural poor families often face complex management issues such as limited economic resources, restricted access to quality education, inadequate housing, and heightened social pressures that further exacerbate existing stress and conflict, thereby disrupting family functioning and overall well-being. Previous studies have indicated that a spiritual approach that fosters inner strength is needed to help these families overcome such challenges, improve their quality of life, and achieve holistic well-being. Therefore, this study aims to explore the role of mujāhadah in addressing family management issues among rural poor families. A qualitative research design was employed, involving in-depth and comprehensive analysis of journal articles, books, written documents, and other academic sources to identify key issues faced by rural poor families and examine how the mujāhadah approach can offer concrete solutions. The findings reveal that mujāhadah not only strengthens spiritual resilience but also encourages physical actions such as striving for lawful sustenance, cultivating self-discipline, and fostering positive social environments. This approach has been proven to build biopsychosocial resilience and instill consistent self-awareness, thereby enabling poor families to break the cycle of poverty. The paper proposes that the mujāhadah approach be systematically integrated into rural family development programs, particularly to strengthen inner resilience, enhance biopsychosocial endurance, and empower the self-motivation of poor families to sustainably escape poverty.

Embracing Diversity: Navigating Religious Identity in Multicultural Societies

Tobroni — 2025-06-30

This study aims to explore the experiences of minority religious groups in maintaining their religious identity within a multicultural society dominated by a majority religion. Through an extensive literature review, the author analyses key works that examine the complex dynamics between religious minorities and majorities. The study delves into the challenges faced by minority groups, including marginalization, discrimination, and the tension of identity negotiation, as they strive to preserve their distinct religious identity in the face of societal pressures to conform to the dominant culture. The research uncovers various strategies employed by these groups to navigate these challenges, such as building intra-community solidarity, engaging in interfaith dialogue, and advocating for greater religious tolerance and understanding. The findings of this research highlight the intricate nature of interreligious dynamics in heterogeneous societies and underscore the importance of fostering an environment of mutual respect, tolerance, and dialogue. By shedding light on the lived experiences of religious minorities, this study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of religious identity preservation amidst external pressures. The practical implications of this research are significant, as it offers guidance for developing social intervention strategies aimed at promoting interreligious tolerance and cultivating a more inclusive, civic, and multicultural society. These strategies can serve as a foundation for policymakers, educators, and community leaders in their efforts to enhance religious harmony and social cohesion within diverse communities.

Analisis Maslahah Penglibatan Malaysia dalam RCEP serta Implikasi Ekonomi dan Sosial

Suffian Haqiem Nor Azelan — 2025-06-30

As the world's largest trade agreement involving ASEAN countries and key trading partners such as China, Japan, South Korea, Australia, and New Zealand, RCEP offers various economic benefits to Malaysia, including increased exports, foreign direct investment (FDI), and integration into regional supply chains. However, this trade agreement also presents challenges, particularly in terms of domestic industry competition, effects on small and medium enterprises (SMEs), and social implications. A qualitative research approach is employed in this study, where data is gathered from journal articles, research reports, by Islamic scholars, and official sources related to Malaysia’s participation in international trade agreements. The primary focus of this study is to examine the policies, implementation, and impact of RCEP on Malaysia’s economy and society, as well as its alignment with Maqasid Shariah principles, particularly economic benefits and social protection. The findings indicate that Malaysia's participation in RCEP provides economic advantages such as increased exports, higher FDI, and deeper global supply chain integration. However, challenges remain in terms of domestic industry competition, reliance on external markets, and impacts on SMEs. The maslahah analysis suggests that Shariah-based strategies should be adopted to ensure a balance between economic benefits and social needs, such as worker protection, environmental sustainability, and economic stability. Therefore, this study provides a clearer understanding of the economic and social implications of Malaysia’s participation in RCEP and serves as a reference for policymakers and Islamic financial institutions in formulating more sustainable and Shariah-compliant trade strategies.

Marriage Application Procedure Abroad: A Qualitative Study at Negeri Sembilan Islamic Religious Affairs Department (JHEAINS)

Nur Fatin Nabilah Shahrom — 2025-06-30

Marriage in Islam is a highly encouraged Sunnah for all Muslims. However, the evolution of time has necessitated that every marriage undergoes several procedures to ensure its legal validity in a given country. The issue of unregistered marriages abroad among Malaysian Muslim citizens has been increasing day by day. This phenomenon is attributed to several factors, including a lack of knowledge about marriage application procedures abroad, polygamy without official permission, the absence of family consent, and the complexity of marriage registration procedures. Therefore, this article highlights a study on the marriage registration application procedures for local citizens marrying abroad, focusing on the Negeri Sembilan Islamic Religious Affairs Department (JHEAINS) as the research subject. This study adopts a qualitative research approach utilizing semi-structured interview techniques. An interview was conducted with a Marriage, Divorce, and Reconciliation Officer at JHEAINS to gather information regarding the marriage application procedures for Malaysian Muslim citizens abroad. The study found that marriage registration procedures abroad are divided into two categories which are marriages between Malaysian citizens that take place abroad and marriages between a Malaysian citizen and a foreign national abroad. The registration process involves the submission of 12 essential documents. The findings emphasize the importance of public awareness and understanding of marriage procedures to reduce instances of unauthorized marriages abroad. In conclusion, this article provides significant insights into the issue of overseas marriages and highlights the need for education and public awareness to ensure adherence to proper marriage procedures.

An Overview of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Issues from the Perspective of Islamic Jurisprudence

Ariyanti Mustapha — 2025-06-30

The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) is significantly transforming the educational landscape, shifting pedagogical practices from traditional methods to technology-driven approaches. This evolution is in alignment with the objectives of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, particularly the preservation and enhancement of knowledge in the domains of science and technology. However, the integration of AI in education has also raised pressing ethical concerns, especially in relation to academic misconduct such as plagiarism and the decline of students’ critical and creative thinking abilities. This article adopts a qualitative and empirical methodology, drawing on data from selected academic journals related to AI in education and society, published between 2019 and 2024. Additionally, references from classical and contemporary Islamic scholarly works, as well as survey data collected from students are utilized to explore the dual impact of AI in educational fields. While AI presents substantial potential as an effective and supportive learning tool, this study highlights the importance of mitigating its ethical misuse among students. The integration of Islamic ethical principles is proposed as a critical measure for promoting responsible and values-based AI usage in academic contexts. To this end, the article proposed the TAQIT guideline, an acronym for Tabayyun (Verification), Akhlāq (Virtue Ethics), ‘Aql (Intellect), Amanah (Integrity), and Taqwā (God-Consciousness) as a holistic ethical framework that synthesizes divine law, moral principles, and social responsibility. This model aims to curb academic dishonesty and foster an ethical, spiritually grounded approach to learning in the age of AI.

Identifikasi Kajian-Kajian Berkaitan Intervensi Preventif Bagi Pedofilia Berdasarkan Systematic Literature Review

Khadher Ahmad — 2025-06-30

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-V), classifies pedophilia as a mental disorder. Despite this, numerous cases are reported daily, with many others going unreported due to the stigma and taboo surrounding the issue. This paper aims to identify patterns in previous research on pedophilia by utilizing the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. This approach involves systematically framing, identifying, evaluating, and analyzing prior studies on preventive interventions for pedophilia through a structured process. The findings highlight several key issues for discussion, including legal frameworks, internet usage, types of pedophilic offenders, and the distribution of child pornography. Contributing factors to pedophilia are identified as psychological, social, educational, socioeconomic, and cultural influences. The results also emphasize existing efforts in preventive interventions, such as legal enforcement, educational programs, and the integration of Islamic cognitive and psychospiritual values. This study underscores that pedophilia presents a significant and urgent threat that requires focused attention. While various studies have explored its contributing factors and preventive measures, there remains a critical need for comprehensive interventions that actively engage both guardians and children. Therefore, the development of a holistic model centered on prevention and child protection is crucial. Such a model would not only address this crime effectively but also contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in promoting a healthy and harmonious environment at the national level.

دور الدين في تاريخ الحضارات عند ابن خلدون، ومالك بن نبي، وأرنولد توينبي

Mohamed Fadel Belmoumene — 2025-06-30

ABSTRACT/ملخص:

تعرض هذه الورقة موقف ثلاثة مفكرين في الفكر الحضاري وعلم الاجتماع الإنساني من قضية "الدين" ودوره في الحضارات الكبرى وتطور الفكر البشري عبر العصور، وهم حسب الترتيب الكرونولوجي: ابن خلدون (1332-1406م)، أرنولد توينبي (1889-1975م)، مالك بن نبي (1905-1973م). تبدأ هذه الورقة بنظرة عامة حول فكرة دور الدين في حركة البشر والتاريخ والحضارات من خلال مفكرين وفلاسفة غربيين وشرقيين، في محاولة للإجابة على الإشكال الذي كثيراً ما يُطرح وهو: ما فائدة الدين عل المستوى الحضاري؟ وهل فوائد الدين متعلقة بالحياة الروحية فقط؟ وهل مازلنا نحتاج إلى الدين بعد هذا الرشد البشري الذي وصلنا إليه؟ وللإجابة على حزمة الأسئلة السابقة تم عرض موقف عبد الرحمن ابن خلدون من دور الدين من خلال مصطلح "العصبية"، وموقف مالك بن نبي من خلال مصطلح "الفكرة الدينية"، وموقف أرنولد توينبي من خلال مفهوم "العجلة والمركبة"، وذلك بالاعتماد على المنهج التاريخي والتحليلي، وتنتهي الورقة إلى أنّ للدين -بمفهومه العام- دوراً مهما في مناح مختلفة من حركة الحضارات كظهور الدول، وانبثاق الفلسفات، وصعود العلوم والاكتشافات.

ABSTRACT

This paper presents the position of three thinkers in civilizational thought and human sociology on the issue of "religion" and its role in major civilizations. And they are, in order: Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406), Arnold Toynbee (1889-1975), Mālik Binnabi (1905-1973). This paper begins with an overview of the idea of the role of religion in the movement of history and civilizations through Western and Eastern thinkers, in an attempt to answer the question that is often raised, like: What is the benefit of religion at the level of civilization? Are the benefits of religion related to spiritual life only? Do we still need religion after this human maturity that we have reached? In order to answer the previous questions, the paper presented the position of Ibn Khaldūn on the role of religion through the term “’asabiyyah”, the position of Mālik through the term “The Religious Idea”, and the position of Arnold Toynbee through the concept of “The Wheel and the Vehicle” based on the historical and analytical approach. The paper concludes that religion - in its general sense - has an important role in various aspects of life, such as the rise of states, the emergence of philosophies, sciences and discoveries.

النشر المتَكَرِّر للبحث العلميّ في ضوء السُّنَّة النبويَّة: دراسة تأصيليَّة

Dr. Shath Ahmed Abulmohsen Alabdulkarim — 2025-06-30

يتناول هذا البحث ظاهرة النشر المتكرر للبحث العلمي في ضوء السُّنَّة النبويَّة، حيث تكمن مشكلة البحث في تزايد حالات نشر البحث الواحد في أكثر من مجلة علمية دون إعلام، وما يترتب على ذلك من إشكالات منهجية وأخلاقية. اعتمد البحث على المنهج التأصيلي الاستقرائي التحليلي من خلال استقراء النصوص الشرعية المتعلقة بالتدليس في الحديث النبوي وتحليلها، ثم استنباط المعايير المعاصرة لضبط النشر العلمي. توصل البحث إلى أن تكرار نشر البحث دون الإفصاح عن النشر السابق يندرج تحت مفهوم التدليس المنهي عنه في السُّنَّة النبويَّة، وأنه يتنافى مع مبادئ الأمانة العلمية. كما كشف البحث عن التشابه المنهجي بين علة التدليس عند المحدثين وإشكالية النشر المتكرر في العصر الحاضر، حيث تشترك الصورتان في إخفاء معلومات جوهرية عن المتلقي، مما يؤثر في قراره وحكمه على المادة العلمية. وقدم البحث خمسة معايير مستنبطة من منهجية المحدثين لضبط النشر العلمي، هي: التوثيق المؤسسي الموحد، والإفصاح والشفافية، والرقابة التقنية، والمساءلة والمحاسبة، والتوعية المجتمعية والتأهيل العلمي. يوصي البحث بتطبيق هذه المعايير في المؤسسات الأكاديمية المعاصرة، وإنشاء قاعدة بيانات موحدة للأبحاث المنشورة على مستوى العالم العربي والإسلامي لمنع تكرار النشر، وتعزيز الوعي المجتمعي بخطورة هذه الظاهرة وآثارها السلبية على مصداقية البحث العلمي ومكانة المؤسسات الأكاديمية

الكلمات المفتاحية: النشر المتَكَرِّر، السُّنَّة النبويَّة، التدليس العلمي، الأمانة العلمية، معايير النشر العلمي

ABSTRACT

This research addresses the phenomenon of repeated publication of scientific research in light of the Prophetic Traditions (Sunnah). The research problem lies in the increasing cases of publishing the same research in multiple scientific journals without disclosure, resulting in methodological and ethical issues. The study adopted an inductive-analytical foundational approach by examining religious texts related to misrepresentation (tadlees) in Prophetic Hadith and analyzing them, then deriving contemporary standards to regulate scientific publication. The study concluded that repeated publication without disclosing previous publication falls under the concept of misrepresentation (tadlees) prohibited in the Prophetic Traditions, which contradicts the principles of scientific integrity. The research also revealed methodological similarities between the reasoning behind misrepresentation in Hadith scholarship and the issue of repeated publication in the modern era, as both involve concealing essential information from recipients, affecting their judgment of the scientific material. The study presented five standards derived from Hadith scholars' methodology to regulate scientific publication: unified institutional documentation, disclosure and transparency, technical supervision, accountability, and community awareness and scientific qualification. The research recommends applying these standards in contemporary academic institutions, establishing a unified database for published research across the Arab and Islamic world to prevent repeated publication, and raising community awareness about the dangers of this phenomenon and its negative impacts on the credibility of scientific research and the status of academic institutions.

Keywords: Repeated Publication, Prophetic Traditions (Sunnah), Scientific Misrepresentation, Scientific Integrity, Scientific Publication Standards.

دور جهات الوعظ والإفتاء الرسمية تِجاهَ محاربة ظاهرة سب الرب والدين في الدول العربية: دراسة تحليلية استقرائية مقارنة

Mohammad Osama Mohammad Hamdan — 2025-06-30

ملخص:

يُعتَبر سب الرب والدين ظاهرة منتشرة في اثنَيْ عشَرَ دولة من الدول العربية (وهي: لبنان، وسوريا، والأردن، وفلسطين، والعراق، واليمن، ومصر، والسودان، والمغرب، وتونس، وليبيا، والجزائر)، وهي ظاهرة مستمرة في الانتشار مما يزيد الحاجة إلى مكافحتها من جميع الجهات ومنها جهة الدور الإفتائي والدعوي للعلماء والدعاة تجاه الظاهرة في الدول العربية، ومع عدم وجود دراسات سابقة في ذلك، تهدفُ هذه الدراسة إلى قياس ومقارنة جهود جهات الوعظ والإفتاء الرسمية في محاربة هذه الظاهرة، وستَتَّبِع الدراسةُ المنهجَ الاستقرائي الوصفي التحليلي المقارن للوصول إلى النتائج، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن ثُلُثَي الدول العربية (66%) التي تنتشر فيها هذه الظاهرة لم تحتوِ مواقعها الإلكترونية الرسمية المتعلقة بالإفتاء والوعظ على كلمة واحدة للتحذير أو الوعظ في هذه الظاهرة الخطيرة المنتشرة في مجتمعاتهم، وأن التقصير واقع في جميعِها: فهي ما بَين عدم التحذير نهائيا (8 دول)، والتحذير بنزر قليل لا يتناسب مع عِظَم الجرم (دولتان)، والتحذير مع الاحتواء على خلل جسيم (دولتان)، وأن أقل هذه الدول تقصيرا في ذلك هي الأردن، ثم مصر ثم ليبيا ثم تونس ثم السودان وفلسطين ثم بقية الدول العربية التي تنتشر فيها هذه الظاهرة كمرتبة أخيرة (وهي العراق واليمن ولبنان وسوريا والجزائر والمغرب)، وتم ترتيب الدول بناء على معاييرَ أربعٍ: 1-عدد المرات (10% ) 2- وحجم المحتوى (30%) 3-ومدى الصراحة والقصد المباشر لهذا المحتوى في مكافحة الظاهرة (30%). 4-وكذا مدى سلامة المحتوي من الشبه والانحرافات عن الجادة (30%). وفي ظل هذا المعيار تم الرد بالتفصيل على سِتِّ شُبَهٍ وانحرافات، كان أخطرها التأصيل الفاسد بجعل غلبة العادة بشتم الذات الإلهية والدين مانعة من موانع التكفير، وأن الناس لا يقصدون المعاندة! وملخص الجواب عموما: هو أن الفقهاء صرحوا بالإجماع بأن من شروط إعمال العرف عدم مخالفته للشريعة، فما الشأن بعادة كفرية تخالف أصل الإسلام والشريعة، وتخالف تعظيم الله تعالى الذي هو أحد ركني العبادة! وبأنه لا يُنظر إلى ما "يُراد" ويُقصد في السب الصريح لله ولدينه وهو المنتشر لمن يمارس هذه الظاهرة، وإنما ينظر إلى القصد في الألفاظ غير الصريحة كما نص عليه ابنُ حَجَرٍ الهَيْتَمي، وأظهرت البيانات المجموعة وجود تفاوت ملحوظ في الاستجابة بين الدول (83% من المحتوى الرسمي انحصر في دولتين فقط: الأردن ومصر). بما يدل على أن الجهود انتقائية ومحدودة. ولم ترصد الدراسة أيَّ علاقةٍ واضحةٍ بين الانتماء الجغرافيّ (مشرق/مغرب عربي) ومستوى الاستجابة، ما يرجِّح صلاحية العوامل المشتركة بين الدول المشمولة في التوصيف والعلاج.

الكلمات المفتاحية: سب الرب والدين؛ الدول العربية؛ شبهات؛ فتوى؛ دعوة.

ABSTRACT

Insulting God and religion have become a widespread phenomenon in twelve Arab countries—Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Palestine, Iraq, Yemen, Egypt, Sudan, Morocco, Tunisia, Libya, and Algeria—and its continued expansion calls for concerted efforts to combat it, particularly through the fatwā-issuing and preaching roles of scholars and religious ministries. Owing to the lack of prior research on this topic, this study seeks to measure and compare the endeavours of official preaching and fatwā institutions in confronting this phenomenon. Employing a descriptive, analytical, comparative, and inductive methodology, the study finds that the official websites of fatwā and preaching bodies in two-thirds (66 %) of the affected countries contain not a single warning or homily addressing this grave and pervasive problem. All countries surveyed display shortcomings: eight offer no warning whatsoever; two provide only meagre warnings disproportionate to the gravity of the offence; and two issue warnings contains serious flaw. The countries with the least shortcomings are, in order, Jordan, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Sudan, and Palestine, while Iraq, Yemen, Lebanon, Syria, Algeria, and Morocco constitute the bottom tier. The ranking rests on four criteria: (1) frequency of warnings (10 %); (2) volume of relevant content (30 %); (3) explicitness and directness of that content in combating the phenomenon (30 %); and (4) soundness of the content—its freedom from fallacies and deviations (30 %). Within the last criterion the study refutes six prominent misconceptions, the most serious of which is the unsound principle that the widespread habit of insulting the Divine negates the ruling of disbelief and the perpetrators allegedly lack obstinate intent! the answer in summary that jurists unanimously stipulate that custom is only legally operative when it does not conflict with the Sharīʿa; therefore a blasphemous “custom” that contradicts the very essence of Islam and the duty to revere God—one of the two pillars of worship—cannot be legitimised. Moreover, intention is irrelevant in explicit verbal abuse of God and His religion, which typifies this phenomenon; it is considered only when words are ambiguous, as Ibn Ḥajar al-Haytamī notes. The data also reveal a pronounced disparity in institutional response: 83 % of all official content on the subject comes from only two countries, Jordan and Egypt, highlighting the selective and limited nature of current efforts. No clear correlation emerges between geographic region (Mashriq vs. Maghreb) and the level of response, suggesting that common cross-national factors are more apt for diagnosis and remediation.

Keywords: Cursing God and religion; Arab countries; fatwa; fallacies; da'wah.

دبلوماسية المساعدات الإنسانية: المفاهيم ومجالات التطبيق

Muhammad Abdul Mohsen Al-Thabeti — 2025-06-30

ملخص:

شهد القرن العشرون وبداية القرن الحادي والعشرين زيادة ملحوظة في عدد الحروب والنزاعات المسلحة، مما أبرز أهمية تنشيط دبلوماسية المساعدات الإنسانية لتخفيف آثار الأزمات وتعزيز المساعدات الإنسانية، حيث يقصد بالمساعدات الإنسانية " مساعدة وإجراءات مصممة لإنقاذ الأرواح وتخفيف المعاناة والحفاظ على الكرامة الإنسانية وحمايتها أثناء حالات الطوارئ وفي أعقابها"، ومن ثم، فإن العمل الإنساني يُفهم على أنه واجب عالمي يرتكز على مبدأ الإنسانية المشتركة. ويمكن أن يستلزم توفير المساعدة والحماية لأولئك الذين يعانون في الكوارث الطبيعية وحالات الطوارئ المعقدة والتي من صنع الإنسان. وعليه يهدف هذا البحث إلى تعريف القارئ بالمفاهيم الأساسية المتعلقة بدبلوماسية المساعدات الإنسانية، وتوضيح أبرز مجالات استعمالها، فضلاً عن تحليل التحديات التي تواجهها في السياقات الحالية. تُطرح في هذه الدراسة إشكالية تتعلق بالسؤال: ما هي المفاهيم الأساسية المرتبطة بدبلوماسية المساعدات الإنسانية؟ وما هي أبرز مجالات تطبيقها في ظل تزايد الأزمات الإنسانية؟اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، واستندت إلى مجموعة من الأدبيات والدراسات المعاصرة. وقد أسفرت النتائج عن أن دبلوماسية المساعدات الإنسانية تعتبر ممارسة قديمة، إلا أن استخدامها كمفهوم في الأوساط الأكاديمية يعد حديثًا نسبيًا. كما أظهرت الدراسة أن إنشاء اللجنة الدولية للصليب الأحمر في عام 1863 يمثل نقطة تحول هامة في تاريخ العمل الإنساني المنظم. من بين مجالات التطبيق الهامة التي ناقشها البحث: حالات الطوارئ المعقدة، الأوبئة، المجاعات، والحروب الأهلية، مع التركيز على صعوبة الوصول إلى الرعاية الصحية في المناطق المتضررة.أوصت الدراسة بضرورة إجراء أبحاث معمقة حول دبلوماسية المساعدات الإنسانية من منظور إسلامي، خاصةً أن الإسلام قدم اهتمامًا كبيرًا للبعد الإنساني في أوقات الحروب والنزاعات، مما يستدعي تعزيز هذا المجال من خلال مقاربة تحليلية وسياقية تتماشى مع الواقع المعاصر.

الكلمات المفتاحية: الدبلوماسية، المساعدات الإنسانية، الحروب، الكوارث الطبيعية، القانون الدولي الإنساني.

ABSTRACT

In the past few decades, there has been a notable rise in wars and armed conflicts around the globe, underscoring the pressing necessity for effective humanitarian aid diplomacy to address crises and alleviate human suffering. This research intends to examine the fundamental ideas associated with humanitarian aid diplomacy, pinpoint its main applications, and evaluate the significant obstacles it encounters in the current global landscape. The primary research question seeks to answer: What are the essential ideas behind humanitarian aid diplomacy? Which areas see its most frequent use? This investigation employs a descriptive and analytical methodology, drawing on a review of pertinent literature and case studies. The results indicate that although humanitarian diplomacy has been practiced for a long time, it has only recently attracted substantial attention in academic discussions. The establishment of the International Committee of the Red Cross in 1863 represented a pivotal moment for organized humanitarian initiatives. Humanitarian diplomacy is particularly vital in addressing issues like complex emergencies, civil conflicts, outbreaks of disease, famines, and inadequate healthcare access in war-torn areas. Furthermore, the study encourages more research into humanitarian aid diplomacy from an Islamic viewpoint, as Islamic principles strongly value humanitarianism, particularly during conflict and emergencies. This perspective could provide important insights and contributions to the global conversation on humanitarian efforts.

Keywords: Diplomacy, Humanitarian Aid, Armed Conflicts, Natural Disasters, International Humanitarian Law.