Mangrove Flora and Fauna of Klang Islands Mangrove Forest Reserves, Selangor, Malaysia - A., Norhayati; M.N., Shukor; S., Juliana; W.A., Wan Juliana (Malaysian Journal of Science, 2009)
The mangrove areas of the Klang Islands Forest Reserves, Selangor, have been declining in size and quality due to degazettement or removal from legal protection of the forest reserves and subsequent land reclamation and other development activities. Thus, surveys on mangrove flora and fauna were conducted to assess current status and identify impact of development. A list of mangrove flora and fauna is produced. Terrestrial vertebrates (mammals, birds and herpetofauna) surveyed revealed a total of 68 species (8 species of mammals, 57 species of birds and 3 species of reptiles). Species composition and total standing above-ground biomass of mangrove trees in ten 10 x 10 m plots, totalling 0.4 ha area, were estimated at Pulau Indah and Pulau Che Mat Zin. Both islands are within the Klang Islands Mangrove Forest Reserves (MFR), which have been declining in forest cover. The total number of individual trees recorded in all 10 plots was 222 from 10 species of three families i.e. Rhizophoraceae, Avicenniaceae and Meliaceae. Rhizophora apiculata was the most dominant tree species with an Important Value Index (IVI) of 28.2, contributed mainly from the density (77 trees). The total basal area of the trees was of 23.96 m2/ha with R. apiculata making up most of the total value of 6.96 m2/ha. The estimated total above-ground biomass of mangrove trees in this study was 2300.1 kg/0.1 ha with the highest contribution from R. apiculata and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza. The estimated biomass was very low compared to other pristine mangrove forest at Matang or Langkawi. The causal factors identified included clear-felling activity, coastal erosion caused by wave actions from ships, oil pollution, reclamation, and other development activities. Kawasan bakau di Hutan Simpan Pulau-pulau Klang, Selangor, semakin berkurangan daripada segi luas dan kualiti kerana sebahagian kawasan telah digazet atau dikeluarkan daripada kawasan hutan simpan untuk ditebusguna tanah atau untuk pembangunan lain. Oleh itu, tinjauan terhadap fauna bakau dijalankan untuk mengenalpasti status terkini dan impak pembangunan. Satu senarai flora dan fauna bakau dihasilkan. Vertebrat darat (mammalia, burung dan herpetofauna) yang ditinjau terdiri daripada sejumlah 68 spesies (8 spesies Mammalia, 57 spesies burung dan 3 spesies Reptilia). Komposisi spesies dan biojisim pokok bakau dalam 10 plot bersaiz 10 x 10 m, atau kawasan seluas 0.4 ha dianggarkan di Pulau Indah dan Pulau Che Mat Zin. Kedua-dua pulau merupakan sebahagian daripada Hutan Simpan Pulau Klang. Jumlah pokok bakau yang direkod dalam semua plot ialah 222 daripada 10 spesies dalam tiga famili i.e. Rhizophoraceae, Avicenniaceae and Meliaceae. Rhizophora apiculata ialah pokok yang paling dominan dengan Indek Nilai Kepentingan sebanyak 28.2, yang disumbang oleh kepadatan pokok spesies tersebut iaitu sebanyak 77. Jumlah keluasan pokok ialah 23.96 m2/ha, yang mana R. apiculata menyumbang nilai tertinggi iaitu 6.96 m2/ha. Anggaran jumlah biojisim pokok bakau di kawasan kajian ialah 2300.1 kg/0.1 ha dengan sumbangan tertinggi daripada R. apiculata dan Bruguiera gymnorhiza. Nilai anggaran biojisim sangat kecil jika dibandingkan dengan nilai hutan bakau primer di Matang atau di Langkawi. Faktor penyebab yang dikenalpasti ialah hutan bakau di sini mengalami tekanan fizikal daripada pembangunan di sekeliling seperti pembalakan, aktiviti tebusguna tanah, hakisan pantai yang disebabkan oleh tindakan ombak dari laluan kapal, pencemaran minyak dan aktiviti pembangunan lain.